Suchergebnisse

In the Brazilian Amazon, governance reforms that cater for both, the needs of poor smallholders and environmental concerns are frequently exposed to a challenge: Those who pursue environmental destructive activities on a large scale often have close ties to decision makers at various administrative tiers. This makes it difficult for those who suffer from these land use activities to make their claims being heard in processes of institutional change. The example of forest tenure reform that protects smallholders from land invasions is used to analyse institutional change under these circumstances. It builds on a comparative case study approach drawing on five tenure reform initiatives in the federal state of Pará. Data was collected from 2006 – 2008 and analysed using a hermeneutic approach that builds on existing theories and allows for the emergence of empirically informed codes. Results show that smallholders are marginalised in local politics. Ranchers or logging companies are closely related to municipal politicians making it difficult for poor resource users to achieve governance reforms that would reflect their needs. To overcome their marginalised position, poor smallholders need to rely on civil society movements and alliances capable of taking their struggle to the federal level. Environmental NGOs are essential to achieve this. This emphasises the role of power in bringing about environmental governance reforms. Efforts to change environmental governance need to address its political nature and employ measures to support local civil society movements during these processes. The paper reports on the dynamics of tropical forest governance in a context characterised by inequality in access to political fora. It suggests a framework to analyse the ways power influences governance reform processes. This highlights the challenges smallholder communities need to confront when striving for inclusive environmental governance regimes.

Viele internationale Vereinbarungen zum Schutz von Mensch und Natur streifen den Schutz der Böden nur. Dabei sind sie wegen ihrer zentralen Bedeutung für andere Ökosysteme ein Querschnittsthema für Menschenrechte und soziale Ziele.

"Das Spannungsverhältnis von Umweltschutz und Entwicklung vermögen auch die SDGs nicht unmittelbar aufzulösen. Damit sie dennoch nachhaltig und effektiv wirken, braucht es zusätzlich Maßnahmen - zum Beispiel integrative Ansätze, die die eigenen Ziele im Zusammenhang betrachten." (Autorenreferat)

As foreigners snap up farmland around the world, it is hard to know who is investing in what, and what the effects on local people might be. An international database is throwing light on the murk.

Attendu que de nombreux investisseurs s'arrachent les terres agricoles dans le monde entier, il est difficile de savoir qui s'implique dans quelle entreprise et quels pourraient en être les effets sur les populations locales. Une base de données internationale fait la lumière sur cette situation confuse.